In 2001, the United States Department of Justice developed a major initiative known as Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN). PSN was intended to be a comprehensive national program to reduce gun violence at the local level. It was implemented in all 94 U.S. Attorney districts nationwide to respond to firearms crime problems in each respective district. An estimated three billion dollars was allocated through Fiscal Year 2008 to fund local and Federal prosecutors; provide resources for law enforcement; support research and community outreach partners; fund a national media campaign; and provide training, technical assistance, and research functions for the initiative (Office of Management and Budget). PSN built on what were viewed as successful approaches utilized in the Boston Ceasefire project, the ten-city Strategic Approaches to Community Safety Initiative (SACSI), and Richmond’s Project Exile. It was designed as a collaborative problem-solving initiative utilizing a strategic research-based model to reduce firearms violence through enforcement, deterrence, and prevention.